Gender dysphoria is a psychiatric condition in which people experience incongruence between their gender identity and the gender assigned at birth. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) states guidelines to diagnose gender dysphoria for adolescents and adults. The condition often begins in childhood, but some may experience it as late as puberty or much later. This paper aims to understand the challenges faced by people who have experienced gender dysphoria in the last two decades. The author also compares and maps the research trends in the previous two decades: The retrospective view (2001-2011) and the contemporary view (2012-2022). In the retrospective view, the literature highlights three significant themes: Bullying, Social Affirmations, and Interpersonal Conflicts. From the contemporary perspective, the literature considers more severe mental health challenges; there are five significant themes: Identity Issues and Dissonance, Self-rejection and Transphobia, Low Sense of Well-being and Self-esteem, and Stigma experiences and Suicidal Ideation. Gender dysphoria and the mental health challenges associated with the complex interplay between an individual's conflicts and dissonance related to their gender identity and gender expressions. Future research should focus on building robust counseling programs based on socio-cultural acceptance and mental health challenges that people who experience gender dysphoria face.

Authors:
Anu Malik, The LNM Institute of Information Technology, India

About the Presenter(s)
Dr Anu Malik is a University Assistant Professor/Lecturer at The LNM Institute of Information Technology, Jaipur in India

See this presentation on the full schedule – Monday Schedule

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